Acronym and Terminology Definitions

AAM

Autonomous additive manufacturing

ABFT

Algorithm-based fault tolerance

ACE

Advanced Computing Ecosystem testbed at the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility

ACID

Transactional semantics for Atomicity, Consistency, Idempotency, and Durability.

ACL

Autonomous robotic Chemistry Laboratory

Activity

An activity is a unit of work.

Actuator

A device for moving or controlling something before, during and/or after running an experiment.

ADAMANTINE

ADditive (A) MANunifacTuring sImulator (NE)

Agent

A means by which something is done or caused; an instrument.

AGILE

Automation for Grid Interconnected-Laboratory Emulation

AI

Artificial Intelligence

AI-driven design, discovery and evaluation

The use of AI technology in product design, scientific discovery, or product evaluation/testing.

AM

Additive manufacturing

API

Application programming interface

APPL

Advanced Plant Phenotyping Laboratory

ASCR

DOE-SC Advanced Scientific Computing Research

AutoFlowS

Autonomous continuous flow reactor synthesis

Automated

Executing an existing experiment or multi-experiment workflow plan, by performing its list of actions, without external or human intervention that can unnecessarily hold up execution.

Autonomous

Creating a new or modifying an existing experiment or multi-experiment workflow plan and executing it, by performing its list of actions, without external or human intervention that can unnecessarily hold up execution.

Campaign

A scientific endeavor that may consist of one or more experiments that may take place sequentially or in parallel to answer a broader overarching scientific question. For example, performing multiple experiments involving a gas chromatograph in which different compounds are created and characterized to find an optimal compound for a specific practical application.

BCH

Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem code

BLOB

Binary large object, or BLOB, used in object storage systems.

Closed loop control

A loop control with feedback, such as to monitor experiment(s) progress or result and to adapt experiment or multi-experiment workflow plans.

CMS

Campaign management system

CNMS

Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences

CNC

Computer numerical control

CPU

Central Processing Unit

CRC

Cyclic redundancy check

CRUD

Create, read, update and delete, which are the four basic operations of persistent storage.

CS

Communication system

CSV

Comma-separated values format

DAG

Directed acyclic graph

DE

Domain expert

DMS

Data management system

DARPA

Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency

DFT

Density Functional Theory

DoD

U.S. Department of Defense

DoDAF

U.S. Department of Defense Architecture Framework

DOE

U.S. Department of Energy

DOE-SC

DOE Office of Science

entity

Something that exists as a particular and discrete unit.

ER model

Entity-Relationship model

Experiment

A test under controlled conditions to demonstrate a known truth or examine the validity of a hypothesis. For example, creating a compound based on the hypothesis that it has a certain chemical composition, characterizing the chemical composition of the compound in a gas chromatograph, and analyzing the result to examine the validity of the hypothesis.

Experiment controller

A component that executes an experiment plan by performing its list of actions and collecting any feedback.

Experiment plan

A list of actions that need to be executed while running an experiment.

Experiment planner

A component that creates an experiment plan based on an experiment design plan and experiment results.

Experiment design plan

An initial experiment plan and a plan for creating new experiment plans based on experiment results.

Experiment result

The data collected from sensors before, during and/or after running an experiment.

FAIR

Data that meets the principles of Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability.

GPFS

IBM’s Storage Scale parallel file system, formerly known as the General Parallel File System (GPFS) [B106]

GPGPU

General-Purpose computing Graphics Processing Unit

GUI

Graphical User Interface

GVR

Global view resilience

GWAS

Genome-wide association studies

HDD

Hard disk drive

HFIR

High flux isotope reactor

HMI

Human-Machine Interface

HPC

High-Performance Computing

HPSS

High-Performance Storage System

HTTP

Hypertext Transport Protocol

HTTPS

Hypertext Transport Protocol Secure

IMS

Infrastructure management system

Instrument

A device containing sensors and potentially actuators.

INTERSECT

INTERconnected Science ECosysTem

IPMI

Intelligent Platform Management Interface

IR

infrared

IRI

ASCR Integrated Research Infrastructure

Laboratory

A room or building equipped with experiment devices, such as sensors, actuators, instruments, and robots.

LDRD

Laboratory Directed Research and Development, see https://science.osti.gov/lp/Laboratory-Directed-Research-and-Development

LED

Light-emmiting diode

LMD

Laser metal deposition

Loop control

The devices and functions necessary to automatically or autonomously perform an experiment or a multi-experiment workflow.

LSF

IBM’s Load Sharing Facility (LSF) is a computational resource management and job scheduling system [B107].

MD

Molecular Dynamics

MDS

Metadata service

MDF

Manufacturing Demonstration Facility

ML

Machine Learning

MoD

United Kingdom Ministry of Defence

MoDAF

United Kingdom Ministry of Defence Architecture Framework

MPI

Message passing interface

MTBE

A system’s expected mean-time between errors.

MTBF

A system’s expected mean-time between failures.

MTBI

A system’s expected mean-time between interrups (errors or failures).

MTTE

A system’s expected mean-time to error.

MTTF

A system’s expected mean-time to failure.

MTTI

A system’s expected mean-time to interrup (error or failure).

MTTR

A system’s expected mean-time to recover.

Multi-experiment workflow

A set of experiments performed in serial (one after another) and/or in parallel (simultaneously). For example, a created compound is characterized with different tools, including a gas chromatograph, to examine the validity of multiple hypotheses. This may be performed by splitting the compound up and performing the experiments simultaneously (parallel), or by reusing the compound in subsequent (serial) experiments.

Multi-experiment workflow controller

A component that executes a multi-experiment workflow plan by performing its list of actions and collecting any feedback.

Multi-experiment workflow plan

A list of actions that need to be executed while running a multiple experiments in a workflow, i.e., a set of experiments in serial and/or parallel. Each experiment in this workflow still has its own experiment plan.

NAS

Network-Attached Storage

NCCS

National Center for Computational Sciences at Oak Ridge National Laboratory

NFS

Network File System

NVM

Non-Volatile Memory

Object

Something intelligible or perceptible by the mind.